Predictor de generación fotovoltaica y de precios del mercado minorista de la electricidad para la gestión óptima de baterías

Este trabajo se centra en el uso de las redes neuronales Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) para predecir irradiancia y precio PVPC. En el primer bloque, se aborda la técnica LSTM, y su aplicación en la predicción meteorológica y energética. La segunda parte está dedicado a la interpretación y utilización de las previsiones de irradiancia, junto con los mapas de nubosidad y temperatura proporcionados por AEMET, para calcular la energía que producida por paneles fotovoltaicos. Finalmente, se analiza cómo gestionar el almacenamiento eficiente de la energía en baterías de una planta real con la ayuda de los predictores diseñados. Este trabajo se realiza dentro del proyecto "iPVBEMS" ref. PIUAH22/IA-060.This work focuses on the use of Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) neural networks to predict irradiance and PVPC price. The first section addresses the LSTM technique and its application in weather and energy prediction. The second part is dedicated to the interpretation and utilization of irradiance forecasts, along with cloudiness and temperature maps provided by AEMET, to calculate the energy produced by photovoltaic panels. Finally, it analyzes how to efficiently manage energy storage in batteries of a real plant with the assistance of the designed predictors. This work is carried out within the "iPVBEMS" project, reference PIUAH22/IA-060.Grado en Ingeniería en Electrónica y Automática Industria

Effect Of Labour Flexibility On Productivity In The Andalusian Hotel Industry

The authors analyze the effect of labour flexibility on productivity in the Andalusian hotel industry. For this purpose, the authors use the results from the Quality, Productivity and Competitiveness in the Hospitality Industry for Andalusia project (PO7/SEJ-02889). The model used considers three employment shares - open-ended contracts, temporary contracts, and part-time contracts. However, it should be borne in mind that the Spanish model of labour flexibility has mainly focused on the use of temporary contracts rather than other human resource management practices, such as internal labour flexibility

Educational Mismatch And Returns On Human Capital In The Spanish Hospitality And Travel Agency Sectors

This paper investigates the importance of returns on human capital and educational mismatch in determining wages in the Spanish hospitality sector and the travel agency sector using an expanded version of the Mincer wage equation (1974). In addition, we analyze the impact of several job characteristics and personal characteristics on wages. Using data from the 2006 Spanish Wage Structure Survey, we estimate separate regressions for each education group under analysis: overeducated, undereducated and adequately educated workers, following the method used by Kiker et al. (1997) and using a procedure similar to that used by Strauss and Maisonneuve (2007). The regressions show specific estimated parameters of the variables included in all wage equations implemented for each analyzed group. Thus, educational mismatch is determinant for the returns on human capital in both sectors and it also has a significant and differential impact on wage formation in each educational group. Moreover, this fact has also been shown in the other variables of the model that represent both the personal characteristics of workers and job-specific characteristics. Therefore, according to the methodology used in our study, the real hourly wage may be quantitatively influenced by the variables in a model depending on whether the educational level of the workers matches the educational requirements of the job performed. Finally, it is important to note that evidence has been found regarding the impact of firm size on wage returns and the data also has provided evidence of wage differentials by gender in the Spanish hospitality industry

Evolución histórica de los vehículos aéreos no tripulados hasta la actualidad

The origin and development of unmanned aviation has been almost matched that of manned aviation, starting both from an almost common point. As in conventional manned aviation, military applications, have been the motor of technological development and the potential applications of these types of systems throughout much of the twentieth century and early twenty-first century. Finally it has been in relatively recent times that these systems are experiencing an impressive boom due to the discovery of the wide variety of commercial and civil operations that are able to perform very effectively. This paper attempts to summarize the historical evolution that these systems have suffered and in the end, to present a quick analysis of the major civil / commercial applications, trying to provide an overview of the main types of systems, their classification and general configuration.Peer Reviewe

Characterization of nanostructured SnO2 films deposited by reactive DC-magnetron sputtering

Nanostructured tin oxide thin films were deposited on silicon and glass slides substrates by reactive DC-Magnetron sputtering using a tin target in a mixture of argon and oxygen gases. The substrate temperature was varied in the range from 53 to 243 oC, keeping the other deposition parameters constant. The tin oxide films were characterized by: Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive Spectrometry, X Ray Diffraction, microRaman spectroscopy and UV-VIS spectroscopy. It was found that the substrate temperature has an effect mainly on the structural, morphological and optical properties of the thin films. At 53 and 90 oC the tetragonal crystalline phase was obtained while a mixture of crystalline phases (o-SnO2 and t-SnO2) was obtained at 148, 185 and 243 oC

Habitat differences filter functional diversity of low dispersive microscopic animals (Acari, Halacaridae)

We are starting to appreciate that microscopic animals are not as widespread as previously thought, but we still ignore to what extent and through which mechanisms the environment selects for specific communities or traits in microscopic animals. We here analyse the functional diversity of marine mite communities living in a seagrass meadow across two habitats: the leaves and the matte. The strictly benthic lifestyle and the conserved morphology of mites allow for unambiguous characterisation of their functional traits, while the discrete nature of the two habitats alleviates the uncertainty in their ecological characterisation. Our results show that habitat filters the distribution of certain traits favouring a higher diversity, dispersion, and evenness of functional traits in the matte than in the leaves. We further observed temporal variations in the functional diversity of communities, following the changes in biomass and structure of seagrass leaves. However, despite the stark differences between the two habitats, the filtering effect is partial and affects mostly relative species abundances. Our study emphasises the need of moving from a taxonomical towards a functional view of ecological studies of microscopic organisms. This integrative approach is key to achieve a mechanistic understanding of their habitat and distribution patterns.Peer reviewe

Electrical parameters extraction of CMOS floating-gate inverters

This work provides an accurate methodology for extracting the floating-gate gain factory, of CMOS floating-gate inverters with a clock-driven switch for accessing temporarilly to the floating-gate. With the methodology proposed in this paper, the γ factor and other parasitic capacitances coupled to the floating-gate can be easily extracted in a mismatch-free approach. This parameter plays an important role in modern analog and mixed-signal CMOS circuits, since it limits the circuit performance. Theoretical and measured values using two test cells, fabricated in a standard double poly double metal CMOS AMI-ABN process with 1.2 µm design rules, were compared. The extracted parameters can be incorporated into floating-gate PS pice macromodels for obtaining accurate electrical simulation